Hawaiian Bible 1868 (HAWKKH)

Overview

The Holy Bible in the Hawaiian language of the United States, 1868 revision. The Hawaiian Bible, known as Ka Baibala Hemolele, is one of the most significant Polynesian Bible translations. It was translated by missionaries of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM) who arrived in Hawaii beginning in 1820. The primary translators were Hiram Bingham I (who coordinated the project and translated approximately 20%), Asa Thurston (25%), Artemas Bishop (14%), and William Richards, along with contributions from Lorrin Andrews, Sheldon Dibble, Ephraim Clark, Jonathan Green, and James Ely. [1] [2] Notably, the missionaries translated directly from the original Hebrew and Greek texts rather than from the King James Bible. [2] Five prominent Hawaiian scholars served as essential collaborators: David Malo (historian and ordained minister), Ulumeheihei Hoapili (Governor of Maui), Ioane Papa Ii (royal historian), John Adams Kuakini (Governor of Hawaii Island), and Kelou Kamakau (high-ranking chief). [1] The Gospels were translated by 1828, the New Testament by 1832, and the complete Old Testament by 1839. The 1868 revision was guided by a committee led by Rev. Ephraim Clarke, pastor of Kawaiahao Church in Honolulu, and this edition, published by the American Bible Society, was reprinted repeatedly until 1994. [2]

[1] [Ka Baibala Hemolele - How the Hawaiian Bible Was Made](https://alohakeakuaclothing.com/blogs/news/ka-baibala-hemolele-the-making-of-the-hawaiian-bible) - Aloha Ke Akua Clothing Co. Detailed account of the translation process and contributors. [2] [Bible translations into the languages of Hawaii](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible_translations_into_the_languages_of_Hawaii) - Wikipedia. Timeline and historical overview of Hawaiian Bible translation.

Language and People

Hawaiian (ISO 639-3: haw) is spoken by approximately 2,000 people in United States of America, Alaska and Hawaii. [Glottolog: hawa1245]

Publishing and Organizations

Published by American Bible Society.

References