Mongolia

Languages:

Mongolia, an East Asian nation, has Mongolian as its official language, which is spoken by the majority of the population. The Mongolian language belongs to the Mongolic language family and is written using the Cyrillic script. The country is also linguistically diverse, with minority languages such as Kazakh, Tuvan, and Burare spoken by various ethnic communities. English is widely spoken as a second language, particularly in business, education, and tourism sectors, followed by Russian, which was historically the primary foreign language taught in schools.

Religion:

Religion in Mongolia is diverse, with the majority of the population adhering to Buddhism (53.0%), predominantly of the Tibetan Vajrayana tradition. Other significant religious communities include followers of traditional Mongolian shamanism (2.9%), Christians (2.1%), and Muslims (0.4%). The constitution guarantees freedom of religion, and the remaining portion of the population, approximately 38.6%, identifies as non-religious or as having no specific religious affiliation.

Ethnic Groups:

Khalkh 84.5%, Kazak 3.9%, Dorvod 2.4%, Bayad 1.7%, Buryat-Bouriates 1.3%, Zakhchin 1%, other 5.2% (2015 est.)