Iraq

Languages:

Iraq, a country located in Western Asia, has Arabic and Kurdish as its official languages. Arabic is spoken by the majority of the population, while Kurdish is predominantly spoken in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The country is linguistically diverse, with several minority languages such as Turkmen, Assyrian Neo-Aramaic, and Chaldean Neo-Aramaic spoken by various ethnic groups. Iraq's linguistic landscape also includes other Semitic, Indo-European, and Turkic languages, reflecting the nation's rich cultural history.

Religion:

Religion in Iraq is predominantly Muslim, with approximately 95% of the population adhering to Islam. The majority of Iraqi Muslims are Shia (65-70%), while Sunni Muslims constitute around 30% of the population. The constitution guarantees freedom of religion and enforces the separation of religion from government affairs. Iraq is home to one of the oldest Christian communities in the world, though their numbers have significantly diminished in recent years. Other religious minorities include Yazidis, Mandaeans, Kaka'is, and Zoroastrians, who collectively account for a small percentage of the population.

Ethnic Groups:

Arab 75-80%, Kurdish 15-20%, other 5% (includes Turkmen, Yezidi, Shabak, Kakai, Bedouin, Romani, Assyrian, Circassian, Sabaean-Mandaean, Persian) note: data is a 1987 government estimate; no more recent reliable numbers are available